HPD Research Day | February 16, 2018

34 Atrium – Poster 11 12:15-1:15 p.m. Evaluation of the Effect of pH on Enhancing the Sublingual Permeability of Atropine Sulfate Fast Disintegrating Sublingual Tablets (FDSTs) Rawan Bafail, Ph.D., Ph.D. in Pharmacy Student, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University Objective. To evaluate the effect of incorporating various alkalizing agents into atropine sulfate (AS) fast disintegrating sublingual tablet (FDST) on enhancing AS sublingual permeability. Method. Three different pH modifiers, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, and sodium citrate, were used in two concentrations (0.5% or 1%) to evaluate their pH modification abilities. AS 8 mg FDSTs containing the optimal pH modifier were then formulated. The ex vivo diffusion of AS FDSTs were evaluated through excised porcine sublingual membranes using static Franz diffusion cells. The diffusion of AS FDSTs without a pH modifier in Mcvilian buffer pH 8 and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Samples were analyzed using HPLC-UV and the cumulative amount of AS was calculated and statistically compared using ANOVA and Tukey- Kramer Tests (p<0.05). Results. Na Bicarb 1% resulted in mean (±SD) pH of 8 ±0.2, which was significantly higher than other pH modifiers. Also, incorporating 1% of Na Bicarb into AS FDSTs formulation resulted in similar pH values of 7.9±0.1. AS FDSTs containing 1% of Na Bicarb resulted in similar influx (9.6 ± 1.6 µg/cm 2 ) and permeability (1.2 ± 0.2 cm/min) of positive controls’ influx (8.4 ± 1.6 µg/cm 2 ) and permeability (1.0 ± 0.2 cm/min), and significantly higher than negative controls’ influx (3.8 ± 1.1 µg/cm 2 ), and permeability (0.4 ± 0.1 cm/min). Conclusion. Incorporating a pH modifier into AS FDSTs formulation can modify the pH and enhance AS sublingual permeability 3-fold. Reducing drug ionization can be a useful approach to enhance drug permeability. Atrium – Poster 12 12:15-1:15 p.m. Evaluation of the Effect of Combining a Penetration Enhancer to a pH Modifier on Enhancing the Sublingual Permeability of Atropine Sulfate from Fast Disintegrating Sublingual Tablets Rawan Bafail, Ph.D., Ph.D. in Pharmacy Student, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University Objective. To evaluate the effect of combining different permeability enhancers to a pH modifier incorporated into fast disintegrating sublingual tablets (FDSTs) on the sublingual permeability of atropine sulfate (AS). Method. Five FDSTs formulations of AS 8 mg containing Na Bicarb 1%, as an alkalizing agent, and a transcellular (0.5% or 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS); or 15% or 20% sodium glycholate (Na Gly), or a paracellular (16% palmitoyl carnitine chloride (PCC)) enhancers, were manufactured. AS permeability was evaluated through an excised porcine sublingual membrane. AS FDSTs with no pH modifier and penetration enhancer were used as controls. Samples were then analyzed using HPLC-UV and the cumulative amount of AS was calculated and statistically compared using ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer Tests (p<0.05). Results. Mean (± SD) area under the curve (AUC 0-90 ) of cumulative drug diffused with 0.5% SDS, 1% SDS, 15% Na Gly, 20% Na Gly, and 16% PCC were statistically higher than controls. The AUC 0-90 of AS FDSTs with transcellular enhancers (SDS and Na Gly) were significantly higher than with paracellular enhancer (PCC). Also, AS influx and permeability from AS FDSTs with transcellular enhancers were significantly higher than with paracellular enhancer and controls. Incorporating SDS 1% with Na Bicarb 1% achieved the highest enhancement in AS sublingual permeability and increased AS permeability 17-fold compared to controls. Conclusion. The addition of penetration enhancers along with pH modifier into AS FDST formulation significantly enhanced AS sublingual permeability. Transcellular enhancers were superior to paracellular enhancer, which suggest a transcellular passive transport mechanism for AS. Atrium – Poster 13 12:15-1:15 p.m. Congenital Heart Disease: Early Diagnosis to Decrease Infant Mortality Bianca Bigley, Entry Level Nursing Student, College of Nursing, Nova Southeastern University Kelly Z. Patino, College of Nursing, Nova Southeastern University Sandra Herrera, College of Nursing, Nova Southeastern University Jenane Pierre, College of Nursing, Nova Southeastern University Kathryn Lechner, College of Nursing, Nova Southeastern University Ashlee Suckie, College of Nursing, Nova Southeastern University