The goals of neuropsychological assessment and testing are to diagnose disorders of the central nervous system; to provide consultation on the etiology, rate of progression, and prognosis of known or suspected cerebral pathology; and to offer recommendations or referrals for the patient's treatment. Examples of typical referrals include differential diagnosis of dementia vs. depression; evaluation to determine cognitive, emotional, or behavioral symptoms subsequent to head injury; diagnosis of learning disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or mental retardation; determination of mental competence; diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, seizure disorders, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and organic mood syndrome; evaluation of headache; determination of appropriate school placement; and identification of malingering or symptom exaggeration.
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