Introduction | Accessing | Searching | Search
Results | Managing
Search Results | Search Tips
Introduction
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PapersFirst, a FirstSearch database, provides access to over 580,000 individual
papers presented at conferences worldwide. PapersFirst is a major research aid
covering every congress, symposium, exposition, workshop, and meeting added to
The British Library Document Supply Centre's vast proceedings collection since
October 1993. The database is updated on a monthly basis.
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Accessing
Searching
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After selecting advanced search
- type your search term(s) in the first Search for box
- click on Search to obtain a list of records

Entering search term(s) in PapersFirst.
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Search Results
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Search results will vary. If you get:
- No records matched your search, then check your spelling
or the fields you searched in.
- Too many, then go back and limit your search. Sometimes a
search needs to be modified with: additional search words, searching
only a specific field, adding date limitations, or type of materials.
- Too few, then go back and expand your search. Consider synonyms
for your search words or concepts. Try to use professional language
or terminology.
- Irrelevant results, then try new search terms. Consider synonyms
or related concepts. Identify and search using descriptors. Try a different
database.
Results lists
A list of search results matching your search terms will be displayed. The
Search Results page shows
- citations for items that matched your search from the selected database(s)
- selected Web sites may be included in some databases
- links to view an item’s record and to information about locating
an item

Sample search results screen in PapersFirst.
Records
To view a record
- click on the title of a citation in the search results to view the full
record
The information in the record, especially the title of the item and the abstract
(summary) of the item will help you determine if you need the item.
The detailed record will help you to determine will allow you to save, print,
or export a citation. Also, from this Deailed Record view it is easy to see
the additional details concerning the document such as the ISBN number.

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Managing Search Results
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Databases typically allow you to manage your search results by
- marking or tagging records to select only the records that you want
from your search results from later printing, emailing and/or saving
- printing the search results list and/or specific records
- emailing the search results list and/or specific records to your
email address
- saving the search results list and/or specific recordssome
databases may allow you to save your file for export into commercial bibliographic
citation manager software, such as EndNote or ProCite
Not all search management features are available in all databases.
Marking
The “mark” feature allows you to select records from within your search results.
By marking items, you can print, email or save multiple records at one time.
To mark a record
- in the Search Results or from the Detailed View, click in
the check box next to or above a title
PapersFirst allows you to send a list of marked records via either the Save,
Print, or Email Records button. Enjoy easy managent of your search
results in this database.
Printing
To print records
Mark your records first. Then proceed.
- click on the Print button in the grey horizontal menu bar
- then in your computer's dialog print box click the Print button which
appears

Emailing
To email records:
- click on the Email Records button in the grey menu bar
- mark records using the check boxes if you only want to email specific
recordss
- enter your complete email address in the To e-mail address: box
- enter a complete email address in the Sender e-mail address: boxyou
can use the same one as in the “To” box
- click the Send button
- click the return button in your browser to return to your search
results

Use your complete email address and include a note about what you are sending
in the comment box.
Saving
To save records
- click on the Export Records button in the grey menu bar
- then click on continue and then click save file
- select a location to save your results to
- change the default file name to a more useful file name with a .txt
endingsuch as research.txt
- click the Save button
- click the return button in your browser to return to your search
results

Use a word processing program to open your file.
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Search Tips
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Use advanced search features to modify a search to obtain more successful search
results. You can combine advanced search features to modify and improve your
search. Advanced search features often include:
- phrase or proximity searching
- field searching
- date
- document and/or publication type
- Boolean operators
- plurals and truncation
One useful tip when searching any electronic database is to leave out articles,
prepositions, and very abstract or general termsthey confuse the database's
search engine.
For example, if the paper is on "The Impact of Mainstreaming Students
in Math Classes,” use the most precise terms like mainstreaming and mathematics
and skip impact, the, of, and in.
Phrase or proximity searching
In PapersFirst, there are two ways to search for a phrase
- put the phrase in double quotes, such as
“higher education”
“curriculum development”
- use the letter w to search for two words as a phrase
higher w education
curriculum w development
Field searching
To limit your search to a specific field in the record
- use the pull-down arrowto the right of each text entry box
- scroll to the field to limit your search to
- click on the field’s name
Date
To limit a search to specific years
- go to the date range section of the screenbelow the entry
boxes
- select the desired yearsand months, if neededusing the pull
down arrows
Boolean operators
Use AND to narrow a search. AND looks for both terms in the
same record.
leadership and vision; mainstreaming and science
Use OR to broaden a search. OR looks for either term in the
same record.
mainstreaming or inclusion; elementary education or secondary education
Use NOT to eliminate records with a certain term.
Saturn not car; Venus not planet
Plurals
Use the following in PapersFirst databases to locate plural forms, truncate
search terms, or replace characters:
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OR
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Plural forms.
school OR schools retrieves both forms of the word
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*
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Any number of characters at the end of a word.
leader* retrieves leader, leaders, leadership
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+
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look for a plural word ending in -s or -es
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#
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Alternative spellings–single character. Each ? equals one character.
behavi#r retrieves both behaviour and behavior
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