Exhibits

Forever Free: Abraham Lincoln's Journey to Emancipation

Online Resources

On this page can be found links to just some of the many thousands of web sites devoted to Lincoln, Slavery and the Civil War. The page is divided into five sections. To reach any of the individual sections, just select from the menu below. (Note: this is a long page)

About Lincoln

	Abraham Lincoln Online http://showcase.netins.net/web/creative/lincoln.html A comprehensive web site that includes: a daily Lincoln quotation What happened in Lincoln's life keyed to the current date Lincoln book lists Links to Lincoln museums and libraries across the country Resources for teachers and students Text of Lincoln's greatest speeches A Lincoln Discussion list
	The Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/alhtml/malhome.html The complete Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress consists of approximately 20,000 documents. The collection is organized into three "General Correspondence" series which include incoming and outgoing correspondence and enclosures, drafts of speeches, and notes and printed material. Most of the 20,000 items are from the 1850s through Lincoln's presidential years, 1860-65. Treasures include Lincoln's draft of the Emancipation Proclamation, his March 4, 1865, draft of his second Inaugural Address, and his August 23, 1864, memorandum expressing his expectation of being defeated for re-election in the upcoming presidential contest. The Lincoln Papers are characterized by a large number of correspondents, including friends and associates from Lincoln's Springfield days, well-known political figures and reformers, and local people and organizations writing to their president. In its online presentation, the Abraham Lincoln Papers comprises approximately 61,000 images and 10,000 transcriptions.
	The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln http://www.hti.umich.edu/l/lincoln In 1953, the Abraham Lincoln Association published The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, a multi-volume set of Lincoln's correspondence, speeches, and other writings. Roy P. Basler and his editorial staff, with the continued support of the association, spent five years transcribing and annotating Lincoln's papers. The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln represented the first major scholarly effort to collect and publish the complete writings of Abraham Lincoln, and the edition has remained an invaluable resource to Lincoln scholars. Through the efforts of the Abraham Lincoln Association, the edition is now available in electronic form.
	Abraham Lincoln Historic Photograph Archive http://www.abrahamlincolnartgallery.com/archivephoto.htm This Photo Archive is presented as a public service by the Abraham Lincoln Art Gallery and sculptor James J. Nance, and provides a free download of thirty five famous Abraham Lincoln Photographs from the Library of Congress taken during the Civil War and before.
	"WE ARE READY WILLING AND ABE L. " Association of Lincoln Presenters (ALP) http://www.lincolnpresenters.org/ Web site for over 150 Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln impersonators from across the U. S. Site includes contact information for Lincoln impersonators around the country.
	The Complete Lincoln: Free Aid and Answers - Lincoln Web Sites http://abepress.com/contact.html Master list of Lincoln related web sites from Charles Brame, " The Living Lincoln"

Slavery and Abolition

	The Freedmen and Southern Society Project http://www.history.umd.edu/Freedmen/index.html The Freedmen and Southern Society Project was established in 1976 to capture the essence of that revolution by depicting the drama of emancipation in the words of the participants: liberated slaves and defeated slaveholders, soldiers and civilians, common folk and the elite, Northerners and Southerners. Drawing upon the rich resources of the National Archives of the United States, the project's editors pored over millions of documents, selecting some 50,000. They are presently transcribing, organizing, and annotating them to explain how black people traversed the bloody ground from slavery to freedom between the beginning of the Civil War in 1861 and the beginning of Radical Reconstruction in 1867. The documents vividly speak for themselves, and interpretive essays by the editors provide historical context.
	Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860 http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/sthtml/ Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860 contains just over a hundred pamphlets and books (published between 1772 and 1889) concerning the difficult and troubling experiences of African and African-American slaves in the American colonies and the United States. The documents, most from the Law Library and the Rare Book and Special Collections Division of the Library of Congress, comprise an assortment of trials and cases, reports, arguments, accounts, examinations of cases and decisions, proceedings, journals, a letter, and other works of historical importance. Of the cases presented here, most took place in America and a few in Great Britain. Among the voices heard are those of some of the defendants and plaintiffs themselves as well as those of abolitionists, presidents, politicians, slave owners, fugitive and free territory slaves, lawyers and judges, and justices of the U.S. Supreme Court. Significant names include John Quincy Adams, Roger B. Taney, John C. Calhoun, Salmon P. Chase, Dred Scott, William H. Seward, Prudence Crandall, Theodore Parker, Jonathan Walker, Daniel Drayton, Castner Hanway, Francis Scott Key, William L. Garrison, Wendell Phillips, Denmark Vesey, and John Brown.
	Keele University School of American Studies Useful Links Portrait Gallery-Frederick Douglass http://www.keele.ac.uk/depts/as/Portraits/douglass.html Frederick Douglass web site maintained by Keele University's School of American Studies (United Kingdom). Has links to online reproductions of many of Douglass' works and other Douglass web sites.
	American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/wpa/wpahome.html From 1936 to 1938, over 2,300 former slaves from across the American South were interviewed by writers and journalists under the aegis of the Works Progress Administration. These former slaves, most born in the last years of the slave regime or during the Civil War, provided first-hand accounts of their experiences on plantations, in cities, and on small farms. Their narratives remain a peerless resource for understanding the lives of America's four million slaves. What makes the WPA narratives so rich is that they capture the very voices of American slavery, revealing the texture of life as it was experienced and remembered. Each narrative taken alone offers a fragmentary, microcosmic representation of slave life. Read together, they offer a sweeping composite view of slavery in North America, allowing us to explore some of the most compelling themes of nineteenth-century slavery, including labor, resistance and flight, family life, relations with masters, and religious belief. This web site provides an opportunity to read a sample of these narratives, and to see some of the photographs taken at the time of the interviews. The entire collection of narratives can be found in George P. Rawick, ed., The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1972-79).
	The Frederick Douglass papers at the Library of Congress http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/doughtml/doughome.html The Frederick Douglass Papers at the Library of Congress presents the papers of the nineteenth-century African-American abolitionist who escaped from slavery and then risked his own freedom by becoming an outspoken antislavery lecturer, writer, and publisher. The first release of the Douglass Papers, from the Library of Congress's Manuscript Division, contains approximately 2,000 items (16,000 images) relating to Douglass's life as an escaped slave, abolitionist, editor, orator, and public servant. The papers span the years 1841 to 1964, with the bulk of the material from 1862 to 1895. The printed Speech, Article, and Book Series contains the writings of Douglass and such contemporaries in the abolitionist and early women's rights movements as Henry Ward Beecher, Ida B. Wells, Gerrit Smith, Horace Greeley, and others. The Subject File Series reveals Douglass's interest in diverse subjects such as politics, emancipation, racial prejudice, women's suffrage, and prison reform. Scrapbooks document Douglass's role as minister to Haiti and the controversy surrounding his interracial second marriage.
	From Slavery to Freedom: The African-American Pamphlet Collection, 1824-1909 http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aapchtml/aapchome.html From Slavery to Freedom: The African-American Pamphlet Collection, 1822-1909 presents 396 pamphlets from the Rare Book and Special Collections Division, published from 1822 through 1909, by African-American authors and others who wrote about slavery, African colonization, Emancipation, Reconstruction, and related topics. The materials range from personal accounts and public orations to organizational reports and legislative speeches. Among the authors represented are Frederick Douglass, Kelly Miller, Charles Sumner, Mary Church Terrell, and Booker T. Washington. presents 397 pamphlets from the Rare Book and Special Collections Division of the Library of Congress, published from 1824 through 1909, by African-American authors and others who wrote about slavery, African colonization, Emancipation, Reconstruction, and related topics.
	Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1938 http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/snhtml/snhome.html Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1938 contains more than 2,300 first-person accounts of slavery and 500 black-and-white photographs of former slaves. These narratives were collected in the 1930s as part of the Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and assembled and microfilmed in 1941 as the seventeen-volume Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States from Interviews with Former Slaves. This online collection is a joint presentation of the Manuscript and Prints and Photographs Divisions of the Library of Congress and includes more than 200 photographs from the Prints and Photographs Division that are now made available to the public for the first time.

The Civil War

	The American Civil War Homepage http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war/ The American Civil War Homepage gathers together in one place hypertext links to the most useful identified electronic files about the American Civil War (1861-1865). The page opens a gateway to the Internet's multi-formatted resources about what is arguably the seminal event in American history. Not only was the War the occasion for the abolition of slavery, but by conflict's end the re-United States had emerged as a modern, industrialized power.
	American Caricatures Pertaining to the Civil War http://www.boondocksnet.com/gallery/cartoons/cw/index_cw.html American cartoons and caricatures pertaining to the Civil War reproduced from original lithographs published from 1865 to 1872.
	The Selected Civil War Photographs Collection http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cwphtml/cwphome.html The Selected Civil War Photographs Collection contains 1,118 photographs. Most of the images were made under the supervision of Mathew B. Brady, and include scenes of military personnel, preparations for battle, and battle after-effects. The collection also includes portraits of both Confederate and Union officers, and a selection of enlisted men.
	Women of the American Civil War http://americancivilwar.com/women/women.html Web site focusing on women of the Civil War, including Harriet Beecher Stowe, Harriet Tubman and Clara Barton.

American culture and history in the Civil War Era

	Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History http://www.gilderlehrman.org/ The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History has a wide-ranging web site with much material on 19th century culture and the Civil War.
	American Women's History: A Research Guide, The Civil War Period http://www.mtsu.edu/~kmiddlet/history/women/wh-cwar.html Created by Ken Middleton, a reference librarian at Middle Tennessee State University Library, American Women's History: A Research Guide is divided into historical periods and rovides citations to print and Internet reference sources, as well as to selected large primary source collections. The guide also provides information about the tools researchers can use to find additional books, articles, dissertations, and primary sources.
	The Valley of the Shadow http://valley.vcdh.virginia.edu/ The University of Virginia "Valley of the Shadow Project" takes two communities, one Northern and one Southern, through the experience of the American Civil War. The project is a hypermedia archive of thousands of sources for the period before, during, and after the Civil War for Augusta County, VA, and Franklin County, PA.
	From Quackery to Bacteriology: The Emergence of Modern Medicine in 19th Century America-Medicine in the Civil War http://www.cl.utoledo.edu/canaday/quackery/quack8.html University of Toledo Libraries exhibit, "From Quackery to Bacteriology: The Emergence of Modern Medicine in 19th Century America" includeing this section on Civil War medicine.
	Mason-Dixon Line’s Civil War Recipes http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/Barracks/1369/recipes.html 19th Century Recipe web sites, including recipes for hardtack, Johnny cakes, rabbit soup, and home remedies taken from cook books of the era.
	Nineteenth Century American Children and What They Read http://www.merrycoz.org/kids.htm Web site devoted to the reading materials of nineteenth century American children.
	Chatham Hill Games-Underground Railroad http://www.chathamhillgames.com/underground-railroad.html Board games and media kits about the Underground Railroad for sale from Chatham Hill Games a publisher of educational and historical games, posters, prints, and specialty items.
	19th Century Amusements: Games & Toys http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Woods/3501/19th.htm Description of 19th Century America amusements, games and toys.
	"We'll Sing to Abe Our Song!": Sheet Music about Lincoln, Emancipation, and the Civil War http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/scsmhtml/scsmhome.html "We'll Sing to Abe Our Song!": Sheet Music about Lincoln, Emancipation, and the Civil War from the Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana includes more than two hundred sheet-music compositions that represent Lincoln and the war as reflected in popular music. The collection spans the years from Lincoln's presidential campaign in 1859 through the centenary of Lincoln's birth in 1909. This music was compiled by Alfred Whital Stern (1881-1960), who is considered the greatest private collector of materials relating to the life and times of Abraham Lincoln. Stern presented his collection to the Library in 1953 and it continues to grow through an endowment established by his family. Today, the Alfred Whital Stern Collection comprises more than eleven thousand books, pamphlets, manuscripts, prints, and posters, as well as a variety of ephemera.
	The Time of the Lincolns http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/lincolns/index.html Companion web site for the PBS American Experience series, "Abraham and Mary Lincoln: A House Divided."
	Documenting the American South (DAS) http://docsouth.unc.edu/index.html Documenting the American South (DAS) is a collection of sources on Southern history, literature and culture from the colonial period through the first decades of the 20th century.

Web Sites With Curriculum Materials

Grades 3-5
	We Must Not Be Enemies: Lincoln's First Inaugural Address http://edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=246 In "We Must Not Be Enemies: Lincoln's First Inaugural Address," students will understand the historical context and significance of Lincoln's inaugural address through archival documents such as campaign posters, sheet music, vintage photographs and documents.
	Slave Narratives: Constructing U.S. History Through Analyzing Primary Sources http://www.edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=364 In "Slave Narratives: Constructing U.S. History Through Analyzing Primary Sources," students research narratives from the Federal Writers' Project and describe the lives of former African slaves in the U.S. -- both before and after emancipation.
Grades 6-8
	Before Brother Fought Brother: Life in the North and South 1847-1861 http://edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=484 How did the United States arrive at a point at which the South seceded and some families were so fractured that brother fought brother? After completing the lessons in these five units, students will be able to list three differences and three similarities between life in the North and the South in the years before the Civil War and discuss how these differences contributed to disagreements between the North and South.
	African-American Communities in the North Before the Civil War http://www.edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=453 What was life like in three free African-American communities between the American Revolution and the Civil War? What generalizations can be made about life in the North for African Americans? In this lesson, students will tour and/or read about some important free African-American communities in the North before the Civil War.
Grades 9-12
	Families in Bondage http://www.edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=280 This two-part lesson plan draws on letters written by African Americans in slavery and by free blacks to loved ones still in bondage, singling out a few among many slave experiences to offer a look at slavery and its effects on African American family life.
	Attitudes Towards Emancipation http://www.edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=290 The objectives are to evaluate the provisions of the Emancipation Proclamation; to trace the stages that led to Lincoln's formulation of this policy; to explore the range of contemporary public opinion on the issue of emancipation; to document the multifaceted significance of the Emancipation Proclamation within the context of the Civil War era.
	Spirituals http://www.edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=318 Among the objectives are to learn about the role spirituals have played in African American history and religion, and to examine Harriet Tubman's use of spirituals in her work for the Underground Railroad.

Other Curriculum Materials on the Web

Primary grades
	Abraham Lincoln by Loogootee Elementary School West http://www.siec.k12.in.us/~west/proj/lincoln/ A web site directed towards primary school children created by Loogootee Elementary School West, Loogootee, Indiana. Features pictures and some very thoughtful and age-appropriate classroom activities.
Grades 5-8
	Lesson Plan: The Civil War http://www.smplanet.com/civilwar/civilwar.html Civil War lesson plan with a good annotated list of fiction and biography about the era.
	Lincoln: A Photobiography http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/score/linc/linctg.html This unit provides resources for students in the 5th through 8th grade to focus on Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War. Lessons are based Russell Freedman's 1988 Newbery Medal winner, Lincoln: A Photobiography.